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Linux配置Nginx+uWsgi环境

转Python后碰到的最大的问题就是服务器配置，产品环境最终还是需要用到Nginx+uWsgi，折腾过好久，把操作记录放在这里，方便查询

我的环境：RHEL6，python2.6.6，Nginx1.2.6，uWsgi1.4.4（都是从官方网站下载的最新版本）

1.环境准备

先更新系统，并安装编译环境等等。

Prepare environment
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yum update
yum install glib2-devel openssl-devel pcre-devel bzip2-devel gzip-devel\
    python python-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel python-setuptools zlib-devel\
    wget pcre pcre-devel sudo gcc make autoconf automake

2.编译安装Nginx

先到Nginx官网下载最新稳定版本的Nginx1.2.6，编译安装

Compile and install nginx
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cd /usr/local/src
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.2.6
./configure \
    --user=nginx \
    --group=nginx \
    --prefix=/usr/share \
    --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
    --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
    --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
    --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
    --pid-path=/var/log/run/nginx.pid \
    --lock-path=/var/log/lock/subsys/nginx \
    --with-http_ssl_module \
    --with-http_realip_module \
    --with-http_addition_module \
    --with-http_sub_module \
    --with-http_dav_module \
    --with-http_flv_module \
    --with-http_gzip_static_module \
    --with-http_stub_status_module \
    --with-mail \
    --with-mail_ssl_module
make
make install

更多的编译选项参考：http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxInstallOptions

3.Nginx环境配置

3.1为Nginx建立用户

add user nginx
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useradd -c "Nginx user" -s /bin/false -r -d /var/lib/nginx nginx
adduser --system --no-create-home  nginx

3.2运行Nginx

run nginx
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/usr/sbin/nginx

3.3配置文件

nginx conf
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/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
echo "NGINX_CONF_FILE=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf" > /etc/sysconfig/nginx

4.编译安装uWsgi

进入uWsgi的官方网站，下载它的当前稳定版本，我这里下载的是1.4.4版本。

Compiler and install uWsgi
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cd /usr/local/src
wget http://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-1.4.4.tar.gz
tar -zxvf uwsgi-1.4.4.tar.gz
mv uwsgi-1.4.4 uwsgi
cd uwsgi
python setup.py build
make
mv uwsgi /usr/bin  #move execuable file to /usr/bin

5.配置uWsgi

详细配置方式可以参考官网上的配置说明：http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/wiki/Quickstart 我以项目中的两个模块配置文件示例如下（web模块和api模块，分别走两个不同的端口）

web.ini config for uwsgi
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[uwsgi]
autoload = true
master = true
uid=sager
gid=sager
workers = 2
socket = 127.0.0.1:8081
module = web-uwsgi
chdir = /home/sager/project
pythonpath = /opt/pyenv
virtualenv = /opt/pyenv
api.ini config for uwsgi
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[uwsgi]
autoload = true
uid=sager
gid=sager
master = true
workers =2
socket = 127.0.0.1:8080
module = api-uwsgi
chdir = /home/sager/project
pythonpath = /opt/pyenv
virtualenv = /opt/pyenv

6.启动Nginx和uWsgi服务

start service
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nginx
uwsgi -i api.ini
uwsgi -i web.ini

7.配置Nginx支持uWsgi

简化的nginx.conf文件，增加一条include内容，见最后一行

nginx.conf
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user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}

然后在/etc/nginx/sites-enabled目录中增加单个的server配置内容，参考如下

sager-project.conf
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server {
    listen 80;
    server_name localhost;
    location /api/ {
        rewrite ^/api/(.*)$ /$1 break;
        include uwsgi_params;
        uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8080;
    }
    location / {
        include uwsgi_params;
        uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8081;
    }
}

重启服务后，通过http://localhost即可访问项目主页了，web的请求会直接转发给8081端口，而http://localhost/api的请求则会转发到8080端口

至此，我们的配置完成了，可以参考下一篇文章，将nginx和uwsgi配置为系统服务，并开机自动启动

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